Oxygen therapy is a basic and often life-saving treatment method used to provide extra oxygen to the body when the normal respiratory system isn't working properly. Whether it’s for chronic conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or emergency situations like cardiopulmonary failure, oxygen therapy can be a crucial tool in patient care. 

Why is it important?

Oxygen is crucial for the function of all the body's organs. When the amount of oxygen in the blood drops (hypoxia), cells can't perform their functions, leading to damage in vital organs. Oxygen therapy provides an effective solution by boosting oxygen levels and ensuring the body functions properly.

How is it administered? 

Oxygen is given in different ways, depending on the patient's needs:

1. Nasal cannulas: A comfortable and simple way to deliver low amounts of oxygen.
2. Oxygen Masks: They are used for higher flows of oxygen.
3. High Flow Oxygen Administration: Used inside the hospital.
4. Non-Invasive Ventilation Devices (CPAP, BiPAP): They support natural breathing, mainly in patients with apnea or cardiorespiratory dysfunction. Used both in and out of the hospital.
5. Non-Rebreather Mask: A method that can deliver up to 100% oxygen.

Health Benefits of oxygen therapy

The proper use of oxygen therapy can significantly improve patients' quality of life. Research has shown that:

• Long-Term Oxygen Therapy in Patients with COPD:
  Studies have shown that long-term oxygen administration (>15 hours a day) in patients with chronic respiratory failure due to COPD can reduce mortality (Tzaneio Hospital, 2024).
• Targeted Oxygen Therapy in Emergency Cases:
  Proper use of oxygen therapy during emergency intubation can reduce the risk of critical hypoxia. Techniques like pre-oxygenation and oxygenation during apnea help lower complications (PubMed, 2011).
• Using Oxygen During Exercise:
  Using oxygen during exercise can help people with breathing difficulties stay active. Studies have shown that supplemental oxygen therapy during exercise improves endurance and reduces shortness of breath in patients with COPD (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2023).

Important information for safe use

Oxygen therapy should always be applied under the guidance of specialists. Uncontrolled use can lead to complications, such as: 

• Hyperoxia: Extremely high levels of oxygen in the blood, which can be toxic.
• Fire hazards: Oxygen is flammable, so care is needed in the area of use.

Who can benefit from it? 

Oxygen therapy isn't just for healthcare professionals or hospital settings. In cases like:

• Patients with chronic respiratory problems. 
• People with heart conditions affecting oxygen levels. 
• First aid in emergency situations, like choking or breathing difficulties.

Conclusion

Oxygen therapy is a simple yet life-saving method that can change the lives of millions of people worldwide. With proper training and understanding, both healthcare professionals and regular people can play a crucial role in using it.